Can anyone help? Feeling really stuck...

My son, is now 15, and has always appeared to be a sensitive child from when he was born, and I could see that he struggled somewhat with everyday life.
I won't go into a life story, but I will go from 4 years ago when things with my son changed fairly dramatically. He began refusing to attend school in Dec 2015, 2 months into his 2nd year at middle school, and by May 2016 he had stopped attending school altogether. He has not set foot in school or entertained the idea of education since. In the initial stages it was an avoidance of school, but by the end of 2016 he had stopped attending his Karate sessions and social gatherings (parties etc) with his friends from school whom I had managed to keep him in contact with. We had a Primary Mental Health Worker involved and then a CAF referral followed by a TAC by the end of 2016, this was all withdrawn in Feb 2017 due to my son refusing to engage with anyone other than close family and a few close friends. Fast forward to now and things are an amplified version of the previous 2 - 3 years. He will not access the community independently, he will only venture out with myself, his brother and any close family members in regular contact in tow. He will not engage with anyone other than close family etc, the last professional he engaged with (but only with his older brother, 16, and I with him) was a clinical psychologist for a modified ASD assessment in 2018. It took 6 months to encourage my son to engage and one word (the mention of school) for him to ask the Clinical Psychologist to leave our house and effectively end the assessment, and subsequently for my son to race upstairs in anger/frustration and kick a hole in his bedroom wall. He has also developed, over the last year and a half a number of obsessive behaviours, and his sleep pattern has deteriorated to the point where he doesn't settle until the early hours of the morning and then awake the next day between 1 - 3 pm. He also has quite a restricted food intake, and it is difficult to encourage him to take part in any physical activity with him preferring to remain in his room. He has sensory difficulties, dyslexia and Irlens and the Clinical Psychologist did not diagnose ASD (in the modified assessment), but instead said he has a complex combination of difficulties, although I still feel he has ASD. He has dyslexia, irlens, anxiety (social/GAD?), sensory difficulties, and OCD (behaviours around contamination).
In 2017 he was referred to tier 3 CAMHS and due to not engaging with the service was subsequently referred for the ASD assessment and discharged. Following the ASD assessment the Clinical Psychologist re-referred him to CAMHS in 2018, and again due to non-engagement was discharged in early 2019. Through his EHCP (where all assessments were completed via the information I gave about Liam, as he would not engage), I secured access to an Educational Psychologist who worked with me on a parent led CBT programme - The Overcoming Programme by Cathy Cresswell - for 8 weeks, whereby I was able to use a couple of the CBT techniques with my son (not reassuring, and problem solving) although my son is exceeding good at shutting me down or avoiding conversation so I have found it quite difficult to use these techniques. We also had an Inclusion Facilitator who came to our house once a week for 7 months, but in which time my son again refused to engage and remained in his room. This was also the case with the Occupational Therapist on her monthly visits, and the Local Authority Tutor. All of these people were involved over a period of the last 2 years and not all together (spaced apart with a break of a month or so in-between if that makes sense?). All this has now been withdrawn and a referral was made to CAMHS again which was initially rejected, but has now been accepted and he is on the waiting list again. I'm not entirely sure this is the kind of help he/we need though?
As far as my son is concerned he is fine and nothing is wrong, if and when I try to talk to him about his behaviours etc, and I try to find ways to address this indirectly, he will either say he doesn't behave in that way, or changes the subject, or shuts me down and sends me away, or asks me to stop talking in psychobabble (thoughts, feelings etc). He is very demanding and controlling in that he tries his utmost to control his environment and the people within it i.e. myself and his brother, and he is constantly checking and re-checking things, changing his clothing up to 4 times a day, showering or bathing up to 2 times a day etc. His older brother is finding it increasingly difficult, as my son is now encroaching upon him and demanding that he and his friends allow him to join them on the Xbox to play, which they are doing, but my son isn't understanding that his older brother also wants time with his friends alone, and in turn it is causing friction. The 2 friends that my son still has contact with is limited - he messages them but 9 times out of 10 it is not reciprocated and the only time he sees them now a days is if I am able to arrange for them to come over to hang out usually once during the school holidays (as they have other mates/peer groups, school, and activities they attend).
I simply wish to help my son to understand himself, to be able to manage his thoughts, feelings, fears, and to access the community independently, but I am not sure how I will be able to achieve this if a) he feels nothing is wrong, and b) if he refuses to engage with anyone. 
Any shared experiences, help, advice, or a nudge in the right direction would be very much appreciated x
  • I totally get that And it must be a really difficult situation to be  in but I do think you’ll need to take a tougher line to create an environment or situation where he can’t use his condition as an excuse to be controlling, this means tough love I’m afraid. I’m not saying that you force him to change, instead you create situations where he doesn’t get his own way and he thus chooses to change himself (when I say change I of course mean some of the behaviours - unfortunately traits and ASD will remain). Being more assertive and showing that he can’t always have his way though turbulent in the short term is better in the long run. So maybe start with his brother and the Xbox - when his brother wants time alone with his friends have him and you be assertive about it, show Liam he cannot control every situation he is in as if you allow it to prevail where might it lead? Worst case scenarios include prison where he uses cohesive and controlling behaviour on someone and gets reported because if getting his way becomes a norm, where are the boundaries? I’m not trying to be horrible, I’m just pointing out that controlling behaviours grow unless challenged and I think there is a significant difference between a trait of autism and a learned behaviour. The former being part of the condition the latter being a response learned to manage the condition - control is very much in the latter as a coping mechanism. I’m not going to post my back story, but I have too been controlling and it’s ruined my life, not to mention hurt others. Don’t let that happen to Liam. 


    I think you also need to find ways to help him open up. It needs to be a slow process so start with the small issues and build up. It may be that he is less inclined to discuss it with a professional or family member so maybe find someone on the spectrum he can relate to and encourage communication through that channel. Sometimes it’s easier for someone to talk to another person they know will understand rather than somebody who doesn’t share the condition. 

    Please don’t think I’m trying to be horrible here, far from it - I’m just trying to be very realistic in my perspective and offer lived in outside views on the matter. 

  • I was your son 30 years ago.  I didn't stop going that early but I also found it boring.  I had a girlfriend at school for a while (no idea how I achieved it) and that kept me engaged on some level and going for a while.  I made it to 4th year and about a month in I stopped going.  I went to the central library in my city, every day and read books.  I was being bullied a lot, had a multitude of other issues with other children and one day decided I wasnt going to be someones punch bag anymore. I still studied, but I followed my own curriculum.  i did go back to school for work experience which was forced on me by my parents and that was a major disaster.  The next time I went back was to take my GCSEs.  I passed 5 of them and did zero revision for any of them.  I then went into a complete blackhole and things spiralled out of control for the next 10-12 years.  Then one day I decided to change.

    If your son is anything like I was you cant force change.  His life may completely fall apart and that is just part of the process.  My parents kicked me out at 18.  it was the best thing anyone did for me.  it forced me to deal with life problems like rent, utility bills, etc.  it didnt stop the spiral, that took some time and I hit rock bottom back around the year 2000.  Then I started to make some life deciions and work on improving myself and my situation, repaired my relationship with my parents and we all moved on.  I went to university.  Got a job. My life isnt brilliant and I think the ASD has gotten worse the older I've got.  But compared to when I was 23, its massively better than the criminal misfit I was back then (and am no longer now).

    Its a process and not a short one.  In hindsight I know my undiagnosed ASD played a fairly large part in things, but I dont think knowing I had ASD would have made any difference.  Some people have to walk their own path, until it leads somewhere and from what I've read of others on the specturm it probably wont be a good one.  Until he wants to change, no one will be able to change him.  You can only be there to support him through whatever happens, offer him advice which he will likely ignore and be there at the end to pick up the pieces when he decides to re-engage with society.  That could be next year or in a decade.

    It also sounds like he plays on his ASD and uses it as an excuse to manipulate others.  If I'd been diagnosed earlier I can tell you right now I would have done the same.

    Be prepared to take the tough line when it comes to it.  If that means kicking him out or going to the local council and finding him a place to live in, then so be it.  You will do him a favour and force him to actually examine and control his own life.  It may not fix things overnight, but over time it may do.

  • Hi Anthony

    Thanks for taking the time to reply, much appreciated.. I think your probably right in saying that deep down he probably does know there is something wrong but possibly due to his difficulties is unable to voice this? Or perhaps afraid to voice it for fear of being different? Unfortunately it needs Liam to want to understand/change things and he doesn't seem to be at that place right now.

    Liam feels the need to control what he can within his environment, and people within it too. This can come across as quite demanding and controlling. He's not a person that's akin to being told what to do or suggestions coming from others, generally if it comes from him though, he will do it, if that makes sense?

    I try to encourage him each day to join me outside the house for a walk, or a kick about in the garden. As for sleep it's the OCD behaviours/rituals that appear to elongate him getting to bed and settling to sleep. If he leaves his room once settled, for example to pop to the toilet then he feels the need to repeat his routine again before he settles.

    It all seems so complex and quite difficult to pick apart x

  • It’s a difficult situation because the reality of someone on the spectrum isn’t always a shared reality. Deep down however I think Liam (I hope I got the name right) probably does realise there is something wrong but due to a combination of traits such as adversity to change and routine, plus associated anxieties is instead using avoidant behaviour rather than addressing the issue at hand. Normally I’d recommend you having a conversation with him but it seems as though you’ve tried this to no avail, which means a different tact may be needed. I would say this is very similar to my cousins kid who is on the spectrum - now 18, refused to go to school once in senior school (so from 11 or 12 years old), could be violent and controlling also. Truth is it takes willing from the individual if there is to be change and in the case of Liam and my cousins kid, that doesn’t seem to be there. I think thus means that you need to change the dynamic - for example you taking more control rather than letting him have it, being more assertive around sleep routines etc, and his brother may need to be more assertive with him too by not being as inclusive, essentially it’s small steps to take back control and show him that he can’t call the shots the whole time. If you can rearrange the hierarchy then that may work. As for the agoraphobic tendencies - graded exposure works best for that - so little by little pushing boundaries. So if you go out once a week usually, for the next few weeks make it twice or just go a little further than you usually would.