Is the concept of masking accurate or useful?

I am increasingly convinced that the concept of masking is fundamentally flawed and is actually detrimental.

Masking posits the idea that the autistic person who tries to function in allistic society is assuming a different and false personality - a mask - in order to do so. 

My thinking is that this is not at all helpful. Humans are highly social animals and all humans need to be able to communicate accurately and effectively in order to function in a hugely complex society. Autistic humans need to do this just as much as any others, but they have an impairment. While allistics absorb and master all the subtleties of interpersonal communication by subconscious processes during childhood development, autistics do not to the same extent. Allistics then express this ability throughout life with no conscious effort. In contrast, to a greater or lesser extent, autistic people both master in childhood and then use throughout their lives, interpersonal communication skills that are based on conscious observation and emulation and are largely dependent on the use of the intellect.

The autistic person using these communication skills - which may be less effective than those subconscious skills used by allistics - is not adopting a different personality, they are just employing hard-won abilities. It is the immense intellectual investment that makes using these communication skills exhausting and can lead to anxiety and autistic burnout. The autistic person using allistic-style communication skills is the same person, with the same personality, as when they are not. They are not wearing a mask.

When autistics communicate with other autistics, or with allistics who are used to autistic styles of communication, it is much more straightforward and easy, not because they are being 'more authentic', or 'maskless', they are just not having to work as hard.

Parents
  • Interesting post. I agree that autistic people are not adopting a different personality when they emulate typical communication styles, however I don't think that's how masking is defined.

     "Masking (sometimes referred to as camouflaging) involves suppressing or hiding one’s behaviours or traits to appear a certain way"

    https://www.simplypsychology.org/masking-emotions.html

    Everyone masks, but for autistic people this can include suppressing stims, attempting eye contact, trying to smile even though they feel anxious, making small talk about stuff like the weather, and avoiding discussing interests that might be viewed by neurotypical people as "weird".

    When autistics communicate with other autistics, or with allistics who are used to autistic styles of communication, it is much more straightforward and easy, not because they are being 'more authentic', or 'maskless', they are just not having to work as hard.

    For me, it's not just about communication styles. I feel more comfortable because I don't think other autistic people are going to judge me for my interests, or get upset if I'm honest to the point of bluntness. Another thing is body language - if a neurotypical person sees someone looking down, fiddling with something, they usually think that person is hiding something and is untrustworthy. I usually think they're nervous. So perhaps another reason we feel more comfortable with other autistic people is that we feel that they can read our body language more accurately?

  • I should have said persona or outward personality, however, the concept of the 'masked autistic' as being in some way false and unauthentic is widespread. I prefer to think of myself as being authentic all the time. When in public I am still authentically myself, while at the same time employing my acquired skills in communication to the best of my ability. I think that autistic to allistic communication skills are as hard earned as achieving fluency in a foreign language. Autistic people should be proud of their communication skills, bought and used at some cost, rather than feel shame at being 'false to their identity'. Pressure from parts of the autistic community, and some professionals in the field, to 'unmask' may be helpful to some, but to others it is just another unwanted burden.

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  • I should have said persona or outward personality, however, the concept of the 'masked autistic' as being in some way false and unauthentic is widespread. I prefer to think of myself as being authentic all the time. When in public I am still authentically myself, while at the same time employing my acquired skills in communication to the best of my ability. I think that autistic to allistic communication skills are as hard earned as achieving fluency in a foreign language. Autistic people should be proud of their communication skills, bought and used at some cost, rather than feel shame at being 'false to their identity'. Pressure from parts of the autistic community, and some professionals in the field, to 'unmask' may be helpful to some, but to others it is just another unwanted burden.

Children
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